Journal archives for December 2023

December 21, 2023

Canon EF-S Macro 60mm F/2.8 lens - A year of use in the field

After a year of use on thousands of observations, the Canon EF-S Macro 60mm holds up as a highly versatile tool for shooting wildlife, particularly in regards to the needs of the iNaturalist user. The lens functioned as a perfect introduction to macro and DSLR photography for me, and I highly recommend it to any iNatter looking to build a beginner DSLR setup with an APSC body such as the popular and affordable Canon Rebel series.

What makes this lens, in my opinion, so highly useful for iNat is its adaptability to nearly any field-shooting circumstance. Autofocus and infinity focus make for a lens which can seamlessly transition from shooting jumping spiders at 1:1, to larger reptiles, mammals, or plants, and even capture birds quite effectively due to the narrow field of view and precision sharpness. The lens is also quite small, and utilizes fully internal focusing, highly valuable qualities for ease of use and dirt/water resistance while hiking. This lens is easy to use, and hard to break. While Macro has a reputation for being difficult to learn, I can honestly say that this lens made photographing any subject smaller than a frog or flower far easier almost immediately, and I felt that I had developed a substantial familiarity with shooting at or near 1:1 within only a few weeks. The learning curve was not at all discouraging, and while mastering macro can require practice, it does not take long to be able to get amazing macro images out of this lens.

For these reasons, the Canon EF-S Macro 60mm has been by far my most used lens over the past year, and is the lens I would recommend most, not only as an excellent basic macro/portrait lens, but as a "default" lens for those who prioritize the ability to quickly and effectively capture a wide range of wildlife while in the field.

Posted on December 21, 2023 10:08 PM by hsug1747 hsug1747 | 21 observations | 1 comment | Leave a comment

December 28, 2023

Tteoobl Waterproof Diving Case Bag - day 1

This is a short-term review for the Tteoobl Waterproof Diving Case Bag for DSLR as it pertains to photography for iNaturalist/wildlife documentation, mainly to clarify some aspects of usage, since much of the product information is somewhat dubiously translated from Chinese. Hopefully this post provides some helpful information to iNat users who may be wary of entrusting their camera equipment to a relatively inexpensive and "flimsy" case as opposed to a traditional housing or Outex rubber case. I will most likely write another journal post on this product after I have gained more experience in a range of shooting circumstances (fresh vs salt water, snorkeling, deeper water, running creeks, different lenses, dirt/weather protection, etc). I have not used other waterproof DSLR housings/cases, I have only used Fujifilm XP waterproof point-and-shoot models and waterproof iPhone bags for underwater photography prior to the Tteoobl case.

So far, the Tteoobl Waterproof Diving Case Bag seems to function quite well with my Canon rebel DSLR. The product is listed as "universal for DSLR", which, as far as I can tell, is accurate, as the body section of the case is spacious and flexible, and should easily fit any standard DSLR (or mirrorless) body, including larger cameras such as the Canon EOS-1D. Compatibility should not be an issue unless one plans to use a long telephoto lens, which will not fit in the lens portion of the case. This is not much of an issue for underwater shooting, however it does pose a problem for users who may be looking to protect their camera while shooting birds or other distant wildlife in wet or dirty conditions. This is probably not the product for that type of waterproofing. The "window" through which photos are taken is made from a hard plastic material similar to snorkeling goggles. I did not notice any impact on image clarity, sharpness or color with this plastic layer, even at a working distance of only a few inches underwater. The optical aspect of this product functions well. I did not experience any leaks while using the case, it is fully waterproof as advertised. However, I would recommend thoroughly testing any waterproofing product prior to use in case of a faulty unit. I tested mine by stuffing the case with a towel and submerging it in water, then checking the towel for any wet spots indicating a leak.

Using the case is generally straightforward and intuitive, so I won't include step by step instructions. One aspect of use that is not fully explained in the manual (which is mostly in Chinese) is the function of an included rubber gasket designed to be placed around the rim of a lens's front element. After using the case without the gasket, I realized that the metal rim of a lens or lens filter can scuff the "window" element, which the gasket prevents by acting as a bumper. Luckily, I was mostly using a large Ø77mm lens, and only the edges of the "window" came into contact with the metal, however the gasket should definitely be used on lenses with a smaller filter thread size to prevent scuffing the plastic and negatively impacting clarity. This is important because while using shorter lenses, or lenses with a wide field of view, it is necessary to press the "window" as close as possible to the lens's front element to prevent the rim of the window from obscuring part of your image. In order to access camera controls, three slots are included in the case's design, one for the shutter button and two to turn manual focus and aperture rings on the lens, however, buttons can be simply pressed through the plastic material as well. When shooting, both the LCD and viewfinder can be used as normal. Flash photography may be challenging, as large on-camera flashes won't fit in the case. I found that the built-in flash on my camera worked through the case, however other built-in flashes may be obscured or simply not fit depending on camera model. Accessing the focus and aperture rings while shooting can be slightly challenging since the "window" must be held to the lens's front element, so it can be helpful to move forward and backward as one might while shooting closeup/macro. I spent about 45 minutes getting familiar with the adapted workflow before shooting any animal subjects.

For my first day of using the case, I took a trip to Leo Carrillo State Park at a low tide of -1.1ft, spending the majority of my time on Sequit Point by the sea cave. I found that the most interesting shots could be achieved with my Laowa 15mm wide angle macro lens, which is fully manual (focusing and aperture). Because I was lucky enough to have some interesting lighting conditions while the tide was still out, I focused on "split" above/below water shots, something not possible with a point-and-shoot camera due to the small lens and lack of manual focus. I generally used auto ISO, as lighting conditions are in constant flux in the tide pools, built-in flash, and faster shutter speeds to keep motion blur from ruining my shots.

for anyone interested, the case can be purchased here.

Posted on December 28, 2023 12:14 AM by hsug1747 hsug1747 | 4 observations | 0 comments | Leave a comment

"Hollow-Face" Mimicry of Vipers in Nepheloleuca?

While I was shooting macro in the Costa Rican tropical forest, I came across a large, ochre-yellow moth perched with its wings half raised. At first, I didn't give it much thought, quickly moving on to the next subject. After reviewing my photos, I noticed what I think may be an unusual form of Batesian mimicry which makes use of the "hollow-face illusion", an effect produced by a concave image when viewed from different angles.

What first struck me was the similarity in color between the Nepheloleuca moth and the abundant eyelash viper (Bothriechis schlegelii), the moth's two ocelli, and markings which appear quite similar to the viper's darkened face banding, pit organs, and upper labial scales. Furthermore, the half raised resting position brought the "flattened" pattern into three dimensions. The effect produced was similar to folding an image of a person or character concavely, bisecting the face and producing the illusion of a convex, three dimensional face which follows the observer. See these examples:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ti8Vul5s-GE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pH9dAbPOR6M

The ability to mimic not only the patterning, but the active gaze of a venomous snake would ostensibly be an effective deterrent for bird or reptile predators. In order to show the similarity in pattern that I noticed in two-dimensional form, I have mirrored some images* of Bothriechis vipers observed in CR ("flattening" their facial structure) and placed them alongside images* of Nepheloleuca moths (also all observed in CR) with their wings held flat (the top left is my photo mirrored), and drew a simplified illustration of the "hollow-face" effect I observed. By lifting its wings halfway, the moth "re-folds" the "flattened" image of the snake into a concave "mask".

AF186864-AF56-4-B68-B9-D0-19972-D0-F5-DDA

D2-D47-A65-42-D7-4-BCE-93-BD-C226-D6772-D33

This may or may not be the evolutionary force responsible for this patterning. This coloration may simply be another example of dead-leaf mimicry, such as this butterfly found only feet away from the Nepheloleuca sp. I observed: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/154202645 . The distribution of Bothriechis and Nepheloleuca seems to both corroborate and contradict the mimicry hypothesis: while both genera seem to be particularly abundant in and around similar areas of Central America, the range of Nepheloleuca extends to areas in which no Bothriechis species are found. I am not an expert on either of these genera, the evolutionary processes surrounding mimicry, nor the ecology of Central and South America, so any contradicting interpretations or hypotheses on the patterning of Nepheloleuca would be greatly appreciated.

*images are from these observations (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en ):
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/154279886
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/176092657
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/164743778
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/171889514
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/4731297
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/183439169

Posted on December 28, 2023 09:14 PM by hsug1747 hsug1747 | 1 observation | 1 comment | Leave a comment